
The devastation caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005 resulted in one of the biggest sudden demands for temporary housing in our nation’s recent history. Houses and entire neighborhoods were completely destroyed, while others were damaged to the point of being unlivable. FEMA estimates that it provided housing or funds for temporary housing to approximately 700,000 people in the storm’s aftermath.
Finding living quarters for that many people was a logistics nightmare. Although FEMA had thousands of furnished trailers available, there was tremendous difficulty in getting these trailers into position and getting them occupied. There was also a problem with harmful levels of formaldehyde in the trailers for which lawsuits are still pending. The trailers, though, were only one of many types of housing assistance provided by FEMA for residents of the Gulf Coast whose homes were made inhabitable by the storm and resulting flood waters.
FEMA also provided commercial cruise ships to accommodate thousands of residents. Because cruise ship accommodations were limited, FEMA said in a press release at the time, that recipients of this housing were to be “chosen by state and local authorities with priority given to the elderly and other people with special needs.” This was obviously a shorter term solution, although the government did charter four commercial cruise ships for a period of six months according to the FEMA statement.
Hotel accommodations were also used to house those made homeless by Katrina. In many cases, FEMA paid the hotel directly for expenses incurred for this emergency housing until early 2006. After that time, individuals needed to apply for reimbursement for housing expenses and be qualified by FEMA in order to continue receiving assistance with their hotel bills.
Many former Gulf Coast residents went to stay with family and friends around the country. A large percentage of those never returned. CNN reported in December of 2006 just over a year after Hurricane Katrina’s landfall, that the latest US Census figures showed that Louisiana’s population had declined by more than 219,000 people largely due to displaced hurricane victims who had not returned to the state. After seeing the devastation that a major hurricane can cause firsthand, and knowing that the area is under threat from several such storms each year, it is little wonder than many former residents opted to stay away.
Military bases were also used by FEMA to house some of the evacuees after the storm. Of course, we all know the story of the Superdome in New Orleans being used as an emergency shelter during and immediately after the hurricane.
While most metropolitan areas have very good commercial or temporary corporate housing available, it has never been called upon to the extent that was required in Louisiana and the Greater Gulf Coast area as a result of the destruction wreaked upon the area by Hurricane Katrina.
Getting the most efficiency out of every dollar invested is the mantra of many companies, and now more than ever in the current economic situation. One area where your company can make an investment that will result in serious positive returns is in expenses management. Automated expense management software removes a large workload from human resource departments and upper management. The time savings that result allows them to work on more important tasks that support the growth of the company. On-demand expense management systems, since they are run by an outside firm, greatly reduce the amount of IT infrastructure and overhead that would be involved with implementing that type of system in house.
One of the biggest benefits of outsourcing expense management is how quickly the new expense reporting system can be implemented. Since there is no need to install software or hardware on any of the computers within the organization, implementing the new system really involves zero downtime. Employees can train online to use the new system at a time that is convenient to them, eliminating the need for time-consuming and costly training sessions. Having the expense management system available over the Internet means that any employee worldwide can access their expense information whenever they need it, since all they need is Internet access and a web browser.
While the expense managing may be run from outside the company, the policies that govern expense reporting are definitely set by the company. Changing the policies that govern expense reporting is as simple as letting the expense management system provider know what policy is changing. The change and the expenses it governs will automatically be adjusted to reflect the new policy. In fact, certain service providers even allow you to make real-time policy changes.
Scalability is also an important component of these systems that simply cannot be overlooked. Organization change in size from month to month, in some industries from day to day, and it is important that your company’s expense management system be able to adapt with you. As IT departments within companies continue to grow, management often looks for ways to cut down on costs within the department. Outsourcing the expense management to another firm can be an excellent way to meet this goal. If the expenses management is outsourced then the company no longer needs to worry about the maintenance associated with having this type of service in house. It also means you don’t have to allocate extra IT resources and management to oversee the process.
Up time is also no longer an issue as long as you choose a reliable service provider. A variety of data centers are necessary to ensure that the expense management system is always up and running, so it is a good idea to learn about the details of any service provider you look into to provide this kind of service. It is also always nice to know that if your firm decides to try another option, an expense management and on-demand system does not lock you in by requiring you to account for the investment in software and hardware. When it comes to expense management, on-demand is definitely the way to go.
When you are an employee, it can seem like an incredible amount of hassle to fill out all the expense forms that is often required to get reimbursement back for money that you have spent for the good of the company. Some firms require making lots of copies of information or submitting things to a manager to get approval, which can sometimes be a very time consuming process. Then it may seem like forever until you get your actual reimbursement check. It is nice to know that there is an easier way out there to handle the expense management process and implementing it within your firm can definitely result in increased employee satisfaction.
Most of the time, employees are familiarized early on with the policies regarding expense accounts and reporting expenses for a particular firm. An automated expense management system can make employees and mangers immediately aware of any discrepancies or no-compliance with policies as they occur so the problem can be quickly remedied. Usually employees will fill out the necessary paperwork so that they can receive reimbursement for whatever expenses they incur on behalf of the company, but it can become very hard to track what happens to this information using traditional paper methods or just simple spreadsheets. Most employees would like to have access to the expense reporting system whenever they need it, and an automated expense management system that operates over the Internet is an excellent way to provide that kind of availability.
The most important concern that employees have that automated systems can address is the period from expense submission to receipt of a reimbursement check. Automated systems greatly speed that process, resulting in happier employees and in turn happier management. In fact, many of the automated systems allow employees to track their expenses through the filing process so that they can always be aware of how far their check is from arriving and any possible holdups can be handled quickly. There is an added level of convenience in being able to monitor this information over the Internet with the widespread use of smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDA) and similar gadgets in the workplace. An employee can easily track their expense information from one of these devices.
Employees also appreciate not having to hear from management very often in most workplaces, and a well-designed automated expense management system can remove the need for unnecessary meetings with management regarding expenses. Human resources managers will be able to easily integrate expense information with other important data used to measure employee performance.
Finally, around tax time the fewer complications there are with getting employees their tax information, the less stress management has to face around that time of the year. Automating the expense process can take a lot of the hard work out of any tax forms that need to be adjusted in order to indicate expenses that were paid or reimbursed during the tax year. All in all, an automated expense management system can improve your employees overall working experience and result in more satisfied employees.

There are a number of reasons why someone might consider having gum surgery. For many people, the issue is largely a cosmetic one; having a smile that is “too gummy” or “not gummy enough” can detract from the appearance of a smile, resulting in a lowered confidence level or some degree of holding back when you grin. It’s important to achieve a smile that makes you feel –and look– great, and gum surgery provides a range of options for getting your grin just right. For others, the cosmetic benefits afforded by gum surgery may be simply a positive side-effect of a procedure necessary for the reconstruction or replenishment of the gums. Typically caused by gingivitis or advanced gum disease, called periodontitis, receding gums are a fairly common problem that can arise for people at nearly any age. Whatever the reason for seeking treatment, modern gum surgery provides a few choices for patients interested in restoring their smile. Based on your own preferences as well as the recommendation of a dental services professional, you might be interested in gingivial flap surgery, gingivioplasty, or a soft-tissue graft.
Gingivial flap surgery involves the temporary separation of a certain area of the gums from the nearby tooth, allowing the orthodontic surgeon access to the roots and other underlying areas of the teeth. During the procedure, the area is thoroughly cleaned and treated, clearing it of infectious materials and cutting down significantly on the medical and cosmetic disadvantages of gum disease. Like most forms of gum surgery, gingivial flap procedures are typically performed with a local anesthetic, and are dressed with protective agents to aid in healing and diminish the risk of infection.
Gingivioplasty, also called gingival sculpting, differs as a procedure in that it works with re-sculpting the gums to help create a more natural and healthy appearance. Usually performed with a laser, this type of gum surgery can help to address uneven or damaged gums, and a relatively fast and convenient way to get a better-looking smile. Candidates for a soft-tissue graft may have more extensive gum damage or may have a significantly receding gum line, requiring the use of extra material in order to re-shape the gums to their original look and feel. Taking tissue from the soft palate or other areas within the mouth, a soft-tissue graft applies new material to the gums and incorporates its for a natural look that compliments a beautiful set of teeth.
Regardless of the type of gum surgery that is best for you, choosing to have your procedure carried out by a qualified and friendly orthodontist is a great option. You’ll find excellent care and a comfortable environment at Austin’s Jollyville Dental, the area’s best spot for laser gum surgery and other modern techniques, as well as all the classic dental services you’ll need as you carry your smile with you on the journey of life.
For an Austin Dentist:
Jollyville Dental Professionals
11672 Jollyville Rd
Austin, TX 78759-3935
(512) 918-0005

Beautiful year round weather and stunning desert scenery sparked Scottsdale Arizona’s development as a resort community. With more than 170 golf courses, 11,000 hotel rooms, and 500 restaurants, today the city is one of the most popular get-away destinations in the country. And Scottsdale’s charms extend beyond the weekend pursuits. It has become a vibrant community, attracting residents from all over the country and all over the world.
Exploring Scottsdale’s natural surroundings is perhaps the best way to get to know the area and outdoor lovers will be thrilled with the choice of activities. Experience the beauty of the Sonoran Desert while hiking or mountain biking through the McDowell Mountain foothills. Be sure to have your picture taken next to one of the giant Saguaro cacti that are natives to the area. Horseback rides are another great way to explore or, for a faster pace, Hummer and ATV tours are available. If you prefer to be near the water, kayak through the Salt River or head out to Saguaro Lake for some swimming or fishing. For a truly exhilarating experience, a hot air balloon expedition offers amazing views of the desert scenery and wildlife. Most tours are at sunrise or sunset and offer breakfast or cocktails along with the flight.
When you’re ready to shop, head to Downtown Scottsdale. In the “Old Town”, you will find quality Native American crafts like hand-woven Navajo rugs to Zuni silver jewelry. And if you need a new hat or belt, look no further for the latest in high-end western wear. Grab one of the popular 20th century style Scottsdale Trolleys for a lift to your next destination. The buses are free and run through the Downtown area.
The city has a thriving art community with over 100 galleries. ArtWalk takes place every Thursday when the galleries along Main Street in Downtown open their doors to the public. Take the Paradise Valley scenic drive and see the spectacular houses and retreats of the area’s wealthy residents. The natural scenery along this route is breath taking as well.
Frank Lloyd Wright built his Taliesin West, in Scottsdale and it served as his home and studio for many years. The buildings are open to the public and provide a unique opportunity to see how one of this American style-maker lived and worked.
Of course, there are the numerous world-class resorts. Take in 18 holes at one of the pristine golf courses and then pamper yourself with a rejuvenating visit to an ultra-luxurious spa. The whole family will enjoy a taste of Scottsdale’s western heritage at Rawhide, a replica of an old western town with games, rides, shopping, a petting zoo, panning for gold, and stage coach rides. Whatever you choose to do while in Scottsdale, be sure to top it all off with a meal at one of the many fine restaurants. A chance to take some of Scottsdale’s famous Southwestern cuisine alone is worth the trip!

If you’re ordering something through an internet based retailer, do you really know with whom you are doing business? Are the people taking your order and your money the same company that will fulfill your order? Has your product ever been handled by the people you talk to or communicate with by email in the event of a problem? In the old days of brick and mortar stores, you knew the extent of the operation because you could go there and see it. You could meet the people and see the products. If there was a problem, you knew where to go and who would fix it. With some internet companies there is still this kind of ownership, but others are just order takers who rely on third party drop shippers to make sure you get what you need.
Let’s take a look at one internet retailer as an example, QuickSupply.net sells all types of scales and balances largely through their internet store. However, this company actually has their own warehouse and showroom in which they stock all the products they carry. That means their sales associates and customer service representative have hands on access to the products. Furthermore, your order is shipped to you directly by employees of Quick Supply. If your shipment is delayed, damaged, or missing, you call or email Quick Supply and they take care of it. With many of Quick Supply’s competitors, if you call with a shipping problem, they will either send you to the drop shipping company to look for answers or they will have to “get back to you” after they call some distant manufacturer who handled your order.
That’s not to say that all drop shipping companies are bad, it’s just that with a full service company like Quick Supply you know where to go for help and who takes responsibility for your satisfaction. In the case of Quick Supply, there are six employees at the family run business. Among them are the owners: Daniel Renkel, his wife, and his parents. You see, even though Quick Supply does the vast majority of its business through the internet, it really embodies the principles of the old-fashioned local family business. It is companies like these that are the modern equivalent of the Mom & Pop stores that we all grew up with in our home towns across America. The only real difference is that now those Mom & Pop stores can reach customers all across the country through the modern technology of the internet.
I’ve always preferred the personal hands on service that I receive from my neighborhood stores over the corporate hustle you get from the retail giants. I just like to know with whom I’m dealing when I commit my money to an order. I like to know that the same people will follow my order all the way through, and that I can contact them at any time if I have questions or concerns. That’s just the way we did things in my neighborhood, back in the day, and it’s still the way family run businesses like Quick Supply operate today.

Few items of clothing are as much a part of Americana as the classic cowboy boot, even historians say it has its roots in Spain. Like the six shooter, the cowboy boot is a symbol of the Old Wild West days of our country’s youth.
Cowboys as the name suggests, were most often involved in tending and herding cattle, when they were legally employed that is. So it is only fitting that cowboy boots were, for the most part, made from cow leather. Today, of course, you can find cowboy boots made from any number of animal skin. Alligator, snake, eel, and even ostrich skins are used, but many of these materials are used by fashion conscious would-be cowboys. Out on the range, you’ll mostly find good old fashioned cow leather boots.
Good boots were a necessity, back in the day. They were designed to slide into and out of the stirrup easily to allow quick mounting and safe dismounting. The high tops reached halfway to the knee to protect the lower leg while riding through tall brush or sawgrass that would otherwise leave the shin raw and bleeding.
Good cowboy boots have always been a fairly expensive item, though. In the wildest days of the Old West, you might see victims of a gunfight buried without their boots which had been quickly pilfered after his demise. Even today, good cowboy boots can cost a pretty penny.
Even worse than the cost of new boots, though, is the breaking in period. Breaking in a new pair of tough leather cowboy boots can take weeks, weeks full of blister and skin rubbed raw by chafing. Those experienced with this painful process often turn to shoe repair companies to renew old boots instead of buying new ones. Not only will this save them money, but it eliminates the breaking in process entirely. Companies that handle western boot repair can resole them and rebuild the entire upper part of the boot restoring them to like new condition. Often, they’ll handle everything by mail order. While it may be hard to find a good cobbler out on the range, chances are there’s regular mail service. Boot repair takes two to three weeks between the time they are mailed out and the time they arrive back in the mailbox says online shoe repair specialist NuShoe.com.
While two to three weeks without your favorite boos might seem like a long time, it sure beats going through the trouble of breaking in a new pair which can take longer than that. Cowboy boots used to be worn so much that they would be difficult to take off and often required a boot jack or an assistant to pull them off at the end of the ride. Now that’s a good fit.

Putting together a home recording studio is something many aspiring and professional musicians would like to do. There are many options when it comes to selecting the right equipment to create an efficient and effective home recording space. One of the critical factors to evaluate in designing a home recording studio is the acoustic nature of the room, or the studio acoustics.
Once you pick the area in your home you would like to convert into a recording space, the next step is to plan how to transform that space into a proper acoustic platform for your recording equipment. Rooms with different layouts can emphasize certain frequency ranges, and this can cause challenges when it comes to mastering your recordings. And of course, you would like to have as quiet of a recording space as possible so that the neighbor’s lawnmower or a passing ambulance do not make candid appearances in your recorded material.
Luckily, products exist that can help you rectify whatever acoustic blemishes your planned recording space may have. Depending on your budget and construction options available to you, there are a range of solutions you can choose from. The goal of most recording studios is to provide a completely quiet and acoustically dead space. This gives the mixing specialist the purest material to work with, and usually results in the highest quality final results. To achieve these goals, recording studios are both insulated from the outside world through acoustic insulation, and fortified against internal frequency distortion through uses of acoustic bass traps and acoustic foam panels.
Acoustic insulation creates a sonic barrier that can greatly reduce the presence of noises from outside of the recording studio. If you are able to open up the walls of your future studio, your options for insulting the studio from external noise can range from simply filling the all with fiberglass insulation, or using special sheetrock attachment devices that keep sounds from transferring from one room to the next. If you do not or cannot open up the walls, there are materials you can purchase to make it harder for external noises to penetrate your studio.
Dealing with the room’s internal acoustics can be equally challenging. Some rooms are “lively” while others are “dead”. Some rooms can be “boomy” at certain low frequencies, and others can emphasize sharp sounds like hand claps or cymbals. This is where acoustic bass traps and High Frequency Noise Panels come in. By placing bass traps in strategic locations, usually in the corners of the room, a home recording enthusiast can drastically reduce if not eliminate any natural “boominess” in a room. Likewise, acoustic foam panels placed on hard flat surfaces, for example walls and ceilings, can aggressively dampen any “liveliness” and high-pitch emphasis in the room.
Home audio recording can be both a fascinating and financially rewarding pastime. If you are thinking of investing in creating a recording studio in your home, make sure you put some thought into the room acoustic treatments that are available. Whether you are starting from bare studs or are working with an existing room, you can find the right acoustic products to prepare the room for recording greatness.

Before the advent of the digital age, typography was a field understood, approached, and practiced only by skilled artists and professionals whose careers were entirely focused on the discipline. While specialized typographers do still exist today, the field has experienced an explosion in popularity and prominence as both individuals and companies venture online to create and convey their messages. At first glance, typography may seem like a topic of little importance or complexity after all, it’s just text, right? In an age when copy and paste are are commands available at the click of a button, typography can give the impression of relative unimportance. But in fact, it is one of the most essential and vitally necessary components of any modern endeavor in web design.
Typography encompasses a number of visual and spatial aspects of a given page. Some of the more prominent facets of typography are horizontal and vertical spacing, text alignment, contrast, and repetition. Spacing plays an important role in determining the legibility of a piece of text. Most schoolteachers can relate that students who write with words mashed together or spread over irrationally large expanses produce work that’s an absolute pain to read. Just as good handwriting is important in making the grade in the classroom, sound spacing in digital typography is necessary for attracting and retaining visitors online. Choosing word and line proximities that don’t tax the eyes and are suitable for the text on display is a crucial element of typography.
Web designers are faced with special issues in arranging the graphical elements of a page in every design they approach; the alignment of text is part of this challenge, and can go a long way towards creating aesthetic appeal. Alignment applies to the orientation of the text as a whole in relation to its setting, and also touches upon the placement and relation of different pieces of text or features such as quotations and titles. Contrast, in turn, allows for for the creation of both harmony and eye-catching bias, with the ability to both draw attention and suggest subtlety.
The repetition of chosen parameters within a typographic set is a key component of a successful text rendering. Just as search engine optimization requires a careful balance of relevant keywords without bogging down a site, typography warrants a consistency of style and shape as carefully preserved as the facets of an SEO campaign. Whether designing for a largely text-based online venture or simply including the odd snippet of text in a graphics-heavy production, the right use of the elements of typography plays a larger success role than you might think.
The skilled designers in Austin Texas, lead by dynamic firm NuArisan, know that good typography forms the basis of effective site creation. If you’re looking for professional work out of Austin TX with a renowned penchant for beautiful type, this local firm may just be the perfect fit.
For web design in Austin, TX visit:
NuArtisan
7000 N Mo Pac Expy Ste 200
Austin, TX 78731
(512) 712-5359
One of the main features of desktop and laptop computers is their ability to store data for later retrieval. The very first computer prototypes were basically large calculators- they could perform calculations and format incoming data but they had no ability to store that data so that it could be used later.
Today’s computers come with many different kinds of storage. As computer technology advances, digital storage can occur in greater bundles in smaller packages. That is one reason why the computers of today are much smaller and more powerful than computers 20 years ago.
Each type of storage medium operates on a different premise and has both strengths and weaknesses, depending on your goals. The main type of digital storage in a computer is RAM- or Random Access Memory. This memory is the only type that is used directly by the computer’s central processing unit (CPU) to run the basic operations of the computer. It is also called primary storage.
Secondary digital storage media include compact discs, hard drives, magnetic tape, floppy drives, and flash drives. These devices are employed by the user to store user-generated data for later retrieval.
Floppy drives are practically extinct now but do exist in some older computers. They were a magnetic medium that could be inserted into the computer to record data and then ejected to store the data elsewhere or transfer it to a different computer. Magnetic tapes work in a similar fashion but are mostly used to create automated data backups and not for every day erasable data.
Hard drives are the most common data storage device in computers. Almost all computers have an internal hard drive which stores information on the computer itself. External hard drives are also available and they provide a portable method for transporting data. External hard drives can be hooked up to different computers for ease of access.
Compact discs have taken over where floppy discs left off. CD’s have the benefit of being more durable which protects the integrity of the data and they also can store a significantly higher amount of data than floppy discs could. Because of its storage size, a writeable CD can store pictures and video along with data, making it the perfect medium for graphics-heavy users.
Flash drives go by many different monikers: thumb drives, USB sticks, and memory keys
among others. Flash memory technology allows quick access to data and is an easy way to transfer data between computers. A flash drive plugs into a USB port and is recognized instantly by most computers as another drive. From there, it is easy to copy or move files or other data onto the flash drive. Most drives are so small that they can hang from a keychain. They are also very durable and have a tough exterior shell. Flash drives come in many sizes depending on your storage needs.
Digital storage is an evolving technology with new devices and increased storage capability developing at a rapid pace. Every computer user will have unique needs that will determine which device is right for them.

Certain cities have reputations as being the center of the action for certain endeavors. Professional gamblers go to Las Vegas, would be stage actors go to New York City to be near Broadway, and country music song-writers go to Nashville, Tennessee. Sure, you can still be successful in those careers in other cities, but there’s no substitute for being in the center of the action.
Nashville, Tennessee, is home to the Grand Ole Opry, the undisputed Mecca of the country music world. The list of performers who starred on the Opry stage reads like a who’s who of the country music world. Johnny Cash, Hank Williams, Loretta Lynn, Roy Acuff, and Patsy Cline all appeared there and were well-received.
One notable performer, though, was practically booed off the stage after his first and only appearance at the Grand Ole Opry. After his show, it is said, the Opry’s manager told him to give up singing and go back to truck-driving. The angry young guitar player stormed out and vowed never to return. He never did, though he went on to become possibly the biggest music name of all time. That young man was Elvis Presley.
In Hollywood, they say, there are no waiters or waitresses. There are only actors and actresses making ends meet while waiting for their big break. The same can be said of Nashville. If a big name record producer sits down at any restaurant table in Nashville, chances are they’ll have one or more demo tapes from the restaurant staff in their hands when they leave.
For those hoping to make it in the country music industry, the proximity and access to other country music professionals in Nashville, Tennessee is an irresistible draw. Even country music fans make regular pilgrimages to the city known as the country music capital of the world. Such attractions as The Country Music Hall of Fame, The Music Valley Wax Museum and the Wild Horse Saloon are must see destinations for both fans and future stars of the country music world.
The number of record companies and record producers in Nashville is probably the highest of any place in the United States on a per capita basis. Those with a song and a dream won’t find any place that offers a better chance of getting in the door for an audition or getting the song they wrote heard by a bona fide country music star.
It’s possible to make it in country music without starting in Nashville, but if you do make it onto the country music charts, you’ll end up there eventually.

When you think about the South and Atlanta in particular, several images most often come to mind: Spanish moss swaying gently in the breeze draped over live oak branches, mint juleps and iced tea being sipped in the shade on covered porches, and great antebellum mansions surrounded by cotton fields a la Gone With the Wind.
Some of those images are still found in Atlanta today but the beautiful antebellum mansions are rare beauties indeed. Antebellum means “before war” and is most often used to denote the time before the American Civil War. In the war, Atlanta was a major city in the Confederate States of America, and provided essential war supplies to the South’s effort. Atlanta had been an affluent Southern city funded with cotton and rice profits and was considered one of the cultural hubs of the South. Elaborate great houses ringed the city and the surrounding land. Once the war started, it was a very different scene in Atlanta.
The city elders and the Confederate leadership itself understood Atlanta’s vulnerability to Union attack. Shutting down the war machine in the city would be a huge strategic and confidence blow to the South. The inevitable finally happened in September 1864. The movie Gone With the Wind chronicles the invasion of Atlanta by the North. The city was evacuated and surrendered. The Union forces then made the city a base of operations for two months. When they left to continue the infamous “March to the Sea”, Union General William Sherman ordered the city burned to the ground. The vast majority of the city’s houses and mansions were rendered to black ash. Only the hospitals and churches were spared.
Today, few mansions built before the Civil War survive although many were built after the war in the “antebellum style”. In fact, only six Atlanta residences of any description that were built before the war still exist today. The spirit of the Antebellum period was kept alive, however, and many mansions were built between 1880 and 1930. These unique showpieces display varying blends of pre-war and Victorian sensibilities. Some have become museums over time, but many still remain in private hands.
Southern mansions in Atlanta almost invariably share common characteristics. While these are considered quaint and ornamental in today’s light, they were practical in the early part of the past century. Deep covered porches that run the across the full width of both the front and back of the house gave residents and visitors respite from the hot humid days of summer. East and west facing windows allowed a breeze to flow through the house during hot spells and allowed the warmth of the sun in on chilly winter mornings. If you look up at the ceiling of the covered porch, you may still see the original paint color, called “haint blue”, that residents believed would keep out evil spirits- or “haints”.
Southern mansions in Atlanta still give those passing by a taste of life in a more genteel time.

One of the most intriguing qualities about wine is that the grapes that produce the best wines in the world cannot be grown everywhere. The wines of each particular region have specific qualities derived from the grapes of the area. The grapes themselves can have vastly different characteristics that come from the soil, the rain and the micro-climate. The same grape grown in five different locations around the world will produce fundamentally different wines. The culmination of the environmental inputs into a grape’s qualities is called terroir. Each region’s terroir establishes the essence of their wines. The history of each wine region is also part of the charm of the wine that it produces.
One of the largest determinates of a great wine growing region is its soil. Different wine grapes appreciate different soils. Many grapes originating from France, such as Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot thrive best in limestone soil. German varietals prefer a more acidic soil that contains slate.
The California wine growing region is certainly younger than many of the great European vineyards, but it has a microclimate that produces some of the best wines in the world. While the most famous wine-making regions in California lie to the north including the world-famous Napa Valley, Southern California is beginning to become recognized as outstanding wine region in its own right.
There are seven distinct Appellations in Southern California- areas whose names are widely recognized and protected to ensure the quality of the wines. The Southern California wine region encompasses over 350,000 acres of land and over 40 wineries.
What makes this region ideally suited to wine production is the microclimate produced by its proximity to the Pacific Ocean. The ocean acts as a temperature modulator and gives off heat to protect against the cold as well as cools off hot summer days. This allows the grapes to grow without experiencing extremes of temperature and produces a grape that has a balance of sugar and acid as it ripens.
The soil of Southern California also plays a large part in the nature of its wines. There is a variety of soil types in the region that produces many variations in wines. The most common soil type is granitic. Granite permeates the soil today in the foothills of Southern California as the outcome of erosion of the Sierra Nevada range. Granitic soil provides good drainage and little nutrients, which is important for great wine grapes. The lack of nutrients forces the vines’ roots to burrow deep into the soil to find moisture and “food”. The depth and complexity of this root structure gives the grapes a robust and hearty character.
Southern California wines are coming into their own in the past few years, stealing medals from more established regions. While Zinfandel is the wine most closely associated with California, the southern region also produces world-class French, German and Italian varietals with a uniquely California complexity. The perfect confluence of earth, air, and sky create some of the most memorable wines that deserve their place on the world stage.