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One of the main features of desktop and laptop computers is their ability to store data for later retrieval. The very first computer prototypes were basically large calculators- they could perform calculations and format incoming data but they had no ability to store that data so that it could be used later.

Today’s computers come with many different kinds of storage. As computer technology advances, digital storage can occur in greater bundles in smaller packages. That is one reason why the computers of today are much smaller and more powerful than computers 20 years ago.

Each type of storage medium operates on a different premise and has both strengths and weaknesses, depending on your goals. The main type of digital storage in a computer is RAM- or Random Access Memory. This memory is the only type that is used directly by the computer’s central processing unit (CPU) to run the basic operations of the computer. It is also called primary storage.

Secondary digital storage media include compact discs, hard drives, magnetic tape, floppy drives, and flash drives. These devices are employed by the user to store user-generated data for later retrieval.

Floppy drives are practically extinct now but do exist in some older computers. They were a magnetic medium that could be inserted into the computer to record data and then ejected to store the data elsewhere or transfer it to a different computer. Magnetic tapes work in a similar fashion but are mostly used to create automated data backups and not for every day erasable data.

Hard drives are the most common data storage device in computers. Almost all computers have an internal hard drive which stores information on the computer itself. External hard drives are also available and they provide a portable method for transporting data. External hard drives can be hooked up to different computers for ease of access.

Compact discs have taken over where floppy discs left off. CD’s have the benefit of being more durable which protects the integrity of the data and they also can store a significantly higher amount of data than floppy discs could. Because of its storage size, a writeable CD can store pictures and video along with data, making it the perfect medium for graphics-heavy users.

Flash drives go by many different monikers: thumb drives, USB sticks, and memory keys
among others. Flash memory technology allows quick access to data and is an easy way to transfer data between computers. A flash drive plugs into a USB port and is recognized instantly by most computers as another drive. From there, it is easy to copy or move files or other data onto the flash drive. Most drives are so small that they can hang from a keychain. They are also very durable and have a tough exterior shell. Flash drives come in many sizes depending on your storage needs.

Digital storage is an evolving technology with new devices and increased storage capability developing at a rapid pace. Every computer user will have unique needs that will determine which device is right for them.